Policies:

• 1979 → one child policy because the population = 969 million
• No marriage until late 20s
• Sterilized after first pregnancy or abort future ones
• the citizens had to pay a fine if they had a second child, that was too heavy for many to bear - If unpaid, child legally doesnt exist
• Granny police

Positive impacts:

• interest free loans
• longer leave periods from job during birth
• 5-10% salary rise for 1 child family’

Overall Positives:

• Reduction in fertility rate from 3 to 1.3 births as of 2020.
• Reduced overpopulation - less pressure on services: waste disposal, housing and disease spread

Negative impacts:

• Social:
  • Children were spoilt, ruining their personality and character → Chinas little emperors
  • Men outnumber women by 32 million in 2022 → No spouses & social unrest [sex selected abortions
• Economic:
  • Ageing population → need for expensive healthcare
  • shrinking workforce, causing its economy to stagnate.
  • one child was responsible to care for 2 parents and 4 grandparents (4-2-1 problem)