Rocks from which metals are obtained = Ores

Hematite - Iron (III) Oxide

Bauxite - Aluminum Oxide

Unreactive metals occur not in compounds

Methods of extraction:

1. Metals that are more reactive than carbon → Electrolysis
2. Metals less reactive than carbon → heated in a furnace with carbon or carbon monoxide.
3. Gold, silver → reduction not needed, physical methods can be used.

Extraction Of Iron From Hematite - Blast Furnace

Raw materials - Iron Ore [Hematite], Coke [Impure carbon], Limestone [Calcium Carbonate]

C + O2 → CO2 [FORMATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE] - COMBUSTION

C + CO2 → 2CO [FORMATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE] -

3CO + Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3CO2 [REDUCING IRON OXIDE THRU CO] → REDUCTION

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 [DECOMPOSING CLCIUM CARBONATE] - THERMAL DECOMPOSITION

CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 [SLAG] - NEUTRALIZATION