Background Information

• Nigeria is situated in the West African region
• Nigeria's population is over 220 million
• 36.4 Birth rate per 1000
• 70**% live on less than US$1 a day - extreme poverty**
• Nigeria's population density is 220 people per km2

Population Structure

1. 60 per cent of Nigeria's population is under the age of 25
2. Infant mortality - 72 per 1000
3. The high birth and fertility rates are the main cause of the rapidly increasing population - The fertility rate is 5.32 births per woman (2019)
4. The age of marriage in some areas can be as low as 13 and 45% of women are married before they reach 18
   • This increases the number of children each woman has; due to being married and of childbearing age for longer
5. Larger families are traditionally associated with higher social status(Hausa ethics)
6. Low levels of education for women only 4 out of 10 girls finish primary school
7. Religious beliefs lead to larger family size - Muslim culture promoting polygamy allows for more births.
8. Only 12% of women use modern contraception
9. Life expectancy is increasing
10. The death rate is 11 per 1000 (2023)

Impacts of overpopulation 10F-20D-30W-40U-70%IN

1. Lack of fresh water which leads to the spread of disease
   • 30**% of children in Nigeria do not have enough wate**r to meet their daily needs
2. Increased levels of water, air and land pollution
   • Lagos has one of the highest levels of air pollution of any city in the world